Production of multiple cytokines by cultured human melanomas*

Abstract We screened a panel of 8 primary and 21 metastatic melanoma cell lines for constitutive secretion of cytokines. Melanomas expressed bioactivity for TGF-β (8/25 lines) and IFN (7/12), but not IL-2. Immu-noassays detected IL-1α (4/25), IL-1β (12/25), 1L-6 (13/29), IL-8 (29/ 29), TGF-β₂, (5/12) and GM-CSF (11 /29). but not IL-3, IL-4, TNF-α, or IFN-γ. There was no preferential association of cytokine production with cells cultured from primary versus metastatic disease, and only IL-8 was produced by all lines tested. These data demonstrate that cultured melanomas produce a variety of cytokines which are potentially capable of influencing tumor growth in vivo.     

重性抑郁障碍患者躯体症状与脑源性神经营养因子和炎性因子的相关性研究

背景 大量证据表明抑郁障碍患者的躯体症状的风险比正常人高,但躯体易感性的机制尚不明确。部分研究认为前者脑源性神经营养因子前体(ProBDNF)、炎性因子水平比正常人高,而这是否与伴随的躯体症状有关还没有明确的结论。目的 探讨重性抑郁障碍(MDD)患者躯体症状与脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、炎性因子的特征及其相关性。方法 选取2019年2月至2020年12月山西医科大学第一医院精神卫生科门诊或住院部MDD患者59例与同期社区招募的健康志愿者32例作为研究对象。根据躯体化症状自评量表(SSS)将MDD患者分为伴躯体症状抑郁障碍(SD)组37例(SSS总分>36分)和不伴躯体症状抑郁障碍(NSD)组22例(SSS总分≤36分),32例健康志愿者为健康对照组(HC组)。收集临床资料,包括性别、年龄、受教育年限、17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评分、SSS评分、BDNF、ProBDNF与炎性因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素4(IL-4)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素10(IL-10)、白介素18(IL-18)、白介素23a(IL-23a)、高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、肿瘤...     

血清炎性因子在骨折延迟愈合患者富血小板血浆治疗中的变化

探讨血清炎性因子在骨折延迟愈合患者富血小板血浆治疗中的变化。方法 选取2020年4月—2021年4月我院收治的98例骨折患者,均予以富血小板血浆联合钢板内固定手术治疗,根据术后6个月内是否发生骨折延迟愈合分为延迟愈合组（37例）和正常愈合组（61例）。分别于骨折后1、4、8、12周采集患者血清样本,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清人可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1（sICAM-1）、人可溶性血管细胞粘附分子-1（sVCAM-1）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）等炎症因子水平,并绘制ROC曲线,评估其对骨折延迟愈合的预测价值。采用酶联免疫双抗体夹心法检测血清骨钙素（BGP）、Ⅰ型胶原氨基端肽原（PINP）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）等骨生化代谢指标水平,并采用Pearson分析骨生化代谢指标与炎症因子的关系。结果 骨折1周时,两组患者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、TNF-α等炎症因子水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;骨折4、8、12周时,延迟愈合组患者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、TNF-α等炎症因子水平均高于正常愈合组（P＜0.05）,且随着时间推移,两组患者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、TNF-α水平先升高后降低,但延迟愈合组炎症因子水平波动较正常愈合组更明显（P＜0.05）。骨折1周时,两组患者血清BGP、PINP、ALP、IGF-1等骨生化代谢指标水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,且两组各时间点血清ALP水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）; 骨折4、8、12周时延迟愈合组患者血清BGP水平逐渐升高并高于正常愈合组,血清IGF-1水平逐渐升高但低于正常愈合组,骨折8、12周时延迟愈合组患者血清PINP水平低于正常愈合组（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、TNF-α等炎症因子水平与血清BGP呈正相关（r=0.523,P＜0.001）,与血清IGF-1呈负相关（r=-0.467,P＜0.001）。ROC曲线分析结果显示,骨折8周时,血清炎症因子水平诊断骨折延迟愈合的曲线下面积高于0.7,提示其具有较好诊断价值,且联合检测对骨折延迟愈合诊断的灵敏度更高（P＜0.05）。结论 延迟愈合骨折患者血清sICAM-1、sVCAM-1、TNF-α等炎症因子指标水平随骨折时间增加呈现先升高后降低变化,炎症因子指标水平波动明显,且术后8周时血清炎症因子对预测骨折延迟愈合具有一定参考意义     

芪苈强心胶囊联合尼可地尔对射血分数保留性心力衰竭患者心功能及细胞因子的影响

目的 探讨芪苈强心胶囊联合尼可地尔对射血分数保留性心力衰竭患者心功能及细胞因子的影响。方法 连续入选2019年10月至2020年10月诊断为射血分数保留性心力衰竭的患者共90例,随机分为观察组(45例)与对照组(45例)。对照组给予常规抗心力衰竭药物加芪苈强心胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上,加用尼可地尔治疗。比较两组患者一般临床资料、细胞因子水平、心功能各项指标。随访1年患者心功能情况、细胞因子水平以及不良心脑血管事件(MACCEs)发生情况。结果 两组患者接受治疗1年后脑钠肽(BNP)、左室舒张末期内径、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)均降低,射血分数(EF)值较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间对比发现,两组患者入院时基础BNP、细胞因子、超声心能指标(LVEF、左室舒张末期内径、左房内径)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);接受治疗1年后观察组IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、BNP、左室舒张末期内径低于对照组,EF值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访1年对照组共有7例发生终点事件,观察组共有4...     

Takayasu arteritis: Follow-up studies for 20 years

We reviewed retrospectively 126 (5 male, 121 female) patients suffering from Takayasu arteritis who had been treated in our clinics from 1971 to 1990. The patients' ages ranged from 19 to 80yrs old (1990) with a mean age of 48.7 ± 11.8 years. HLA typing analysis in 98 patients revealed that 45 patients (47%) were confirmed as carrying the Bw52 antigen, a high result that is statistically significant as compared with that in healthy Japanese. Arteriograms (performed in 75 patients) revealed that 28 patients (37%) were affected in the aorta and its main branches by this disease (type IV by Nasu's classification) and 23 patients (31%) were affected only in the main branches (type I). The C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) improved significantly from 2.55 ± 0.28(+) and 57.0 ± 5.69 mm/hr to 0.53 ± 0.12(+) and 31.2 ± 3.45 mm/hr, respectively after treatment including steroid and antiplatelet therapy (P < 0.01).=" patients=" with=" bw52=" exhibited=" more=" severe=" inflammatory=" conditions=" than=" those=" without=" bw52.=" lung=" scintillations=" performed=" in=" 81=" patients=" showed=" pulmonary=" arterial=" lesions=" in=" 50=" patients=" (62%).=" echocardiograms=" revealed=" aortic=" regurgitation=" (ar)=" in=" 44=" patients=" (35%),=" with=" a=" significant=" difference=" noted=" between=" the=" bw52=" positive=" group=" and=" the=" bw52=" negative=" group=" [29/40=" (73%)=" versus=" 11/47=" (23%),=">P < 0.001].=" patients=" with=" bw52=" were=" prescribed=" higher=" doses=" of=" steroids=">P < 0.05)=" for=" longer=" periods=">P < 0.01)=" than=" those=" without=" bw52.=" of=" 11=" patients=" who=" died=" during=" our=" study=" period,=" 7=" died=" of=" cardiac=" complications,=" all=" of=" whom=" were=" suffering=" from=" ar.=" hla=" analysis=" performed=" in=" 6=" of=" these=" 7=" patients=" revealed=" that=" all=" carried=" the=" bw52=" antigen.=" in=" conclusion,=" the=" retrospective=" survey=" revealed=" that=" patients=" carrying=" the=" bw52=" antigen=" showed=" more=" severe=" inflammatory=" conditions=" and=" progressed=" more=" rapidly=" to=" complications=" and=" the=" fatal=" morbid=" condition,=" as=" compared=" with=" those=" without=" bw52.=" this=" suggests=" the=" important=" role=" of=" gene=" disequilibrium=" with=" this=" hla=">     

The role of pneumolysin in pneumococcal pneumonia and meningitis

Diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae include pneumonia, septicaemia and meningitis. All these are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pneumococcus can colonize the nasopharynx, and this can be a prelude to bronchopneumonia and invasion of the vasculature space. Proliferation in the blood can result in a breach of the blood-brain barrier and entry into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) where the bacteria cause inflammation of the meningeal membranes resulting in meningitis. The infected host may develop septicaemia and/or meningitis secondary to bronchopneumonia. Also septicaemia is a common precursor of meningitis. The mechanisms surrounding the sequence of infection are unknown, but will be dependent on the properties of both the host and bacterium. Treatment of these diseases with antibiotics leads to clearance of the bacteria from the infected tissues, but the bacteriolytic nature of antibiotics leads to an acute release of bacterial toxins and thus after antibiotic therapy the patients can be left with organ-specific deficits. One of the main toxins released from pneumococci is the membrane pore forming toxin pneumolysin. Here we review the extensive studies on the role of pneumolysin in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal diseases.     

IL-18 Receptor Expression on Epithelial Cells is Upregulated by TNF Alpha

IL-18 is a multifunctional cytokine that augments both innate and acquired immunity and potentiates Th1 and Th2 reactions. We studied the expression of IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) on renal and respiratory epithelial cell lines. Both cell lines upregulated IL-18R mRNA and IL-18R membrane expression in response to TNF alpha and other proinflammatory cytokines. The function of IL-18R was confirmed by induction of IL-8 release from epithelial cells in response to recombinant IL-18. Epithelial cells may represent an important target for IL-18, mainly under inflammatory conditions associated with TNF alpha release.     

Lipopolysaccharide Induces CD25-Positive, IL-10-Producing Lymphocytes Without Secretion of Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Human Colon: Low MD-2 mRNA Expression in Colonic Macrophages

Despite the huge number of colonized Gram-negative bacteria in the colon, the normal colon maintains its homeostasis without any excessive immune response. To investigate the potential mechanisms involved, human colonic lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) obtained from uninflamed mucosa were cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) prepared from Bacteroides vulgatus (BV-LPS) or Bacteroides fragilis (BF-LPS), as representatives of indigenous flora, or pathogenic Salmonella minnesota (SM-LPS). Colonic LPMCs failed to produce inflammatory cytokines in response to any type of LPS. Colonic macrophages barely expressed mRNA for MD-2, an essential association molecule for LPS signaling via Toll-like receptor 4. Further, BV-LPS induced CD25 and Foxp3 expression in lymphocytes and CD4(+)CD25(+) cells expressed IL-10 mRNA. Thus, the low expression of functioning LPS receptor molecules and induction of IL-10-producing CD4(+)CD25(+) lymphocytes by indigenous LPS may play a central role in the maintenance of colonic immunological homeostasis.